Build & Deployment Interview Questions

Angular CLI build process includes: compilation, bundling, minification, tree-shaking. Uses webpack under the hood. Key features: production optimization, source maps generation, differential loading. Configured through angular.json.

Environments configured through environment.ts files. Create environment-specific files, use fileReplacements in angular.json. Configure variables per environment. Important for different deployment scenarios.

AOT compiles templates during build process. Benefits: faster rendering, smaller file size, better security. Default in production builds. Catches template errors during build time.

CI/CD implementation through pipelines (Jenkins, GitLab CI, etc.). Include build, test, deploy stages. Configure environment variables, deployment targets. Consider automated testing, versioning.

Optimization techniques: bundle splitting, lazy loading, tree shaking, compression. Configure production build flags, performance budgets. Consider source map generation, cache busting.

Deployment configurations through environment files, runtime configuration. Handle API endpoints, feature flags, third-party keys. Consider security, configuration management.

Webpack handles module bundling, asset management, dependency resolution. Configures loaders, plugins for build process. Customizable through custom webpack configuration. Important for build optimization.

Versioning through semantic versioning, automated version bumping. Configure version management in package.json, git tags. Consider changelog generation, release notes.

Deployment strategies: blue-green deployment, canary releases, rolling updates. Consider zero-downtime deployment, rollback capabilities. Implement proper monitoring, health checks.

Docker implementation through multi-stage builds, optimized images. Configure Nginx for serving, environment variables. Consider container orchestration, scaling strategies.

Production considerations: optimization flags, environment configuration, security measures. Enable production mode, implement proper error handling. Consider performance, monitoring setup.

Asset handling through angular.json configuration, CDN integration. Optimize images, manage static files. Consider caching strategies, asset versioning.

SSR deployment using Angular Universal, server configuration. Handle server-side execution, state transfer. Consider SEO requirements, performance implications.

PWA deployment through service worker configuration, manifest setup. Handle offline capabilities, caching strategies. Consider update flow, notification handling.

Automation tools: Jenkins, GitLab CI, GitHub Actions, Azure DevOps. Configure build pipelines, deployment scripts. Consider integration testing, automated releases.

Dependency management through package-lock.json, npm/yarn. Handle version conflicts, security updates. Consider dependency auditing, update strategies.

Artifact management through artifact repositories, versioning system. Handle storage, distribution of builds. Consider cleanup policies, retention rules.

Rolling updates through deployment orchestration, version management. Handle traffic routing, health checks. Consider zero-downtime deployment, rollback procedures.

Monitoring through logging services, performance tracking. Implement error tracking, user analytics. Consider alerting systems, incident response.

Configuration management through environment files, runtime config. Implement secure storage, access control. Consider configuration versioning, audit trail.

Optimization flags control build process features. Include production mode, bundling options, optimization levels. Consider performance impact, debugging capabilities.

Multi-environment through environment-specific configurations, deployment pipelines. Handle different settings, API endpoints. Consider environment isolation, access control.

Security considerations: HTTPS setup, CSP configuration, secure headers. Implement access controls, security scanning. Consider vulnerability assessment, compliance requirements.

Rollbacks through version control, deployment history. Implement automated rollback procedures. Consider data consistency, dependency compatibility.

Build performance through caching, parallel processing, incremental builds. Optimize build configuration, dependency management. Consider CI/CD pipeline efficiency.

Feature flags through configuration management, runtime toggles. Handle feature enabling/disabling, A/B testing. Consider flag cleanup, documentation.

Deployment testing through smoke tests, integration tests. Implement automated validation, environment verification. Consider test coverage, failure scenarios.

Database migrations through versioning, rollback support. Implement migration scripts, data validation. Consider zero-downtime updates, data integrity.

Documentation practices: deployment procedures, configuration guides, troubleshooting steps. Maintain version history, change logs. Consider knowledge transfer, maintenance.

Cache management through versioning, cache busting strategies. Handle browser caching, CDN configuration. Consider cache invalidation, performance impact.